Japanese verb · ru-verb · first needed at elementary level (A2)
降りる
oriru
to get off
The vehicle you leave takes (o): (densha o oriru). To let someone off, as a taxi driver does, is the separate verb (orosu).
Present
現在形
Now, habits and the future. The plain form is for friends and family; polite ～ます is the default.
| plain | 降りるoriru | |
|---|---|---|
| polite | 降りますorimasu | |
| plain negative | 降りないorinai | |
| polite negative | 降りませんorimasen |
Past
過去形
What happened, or what has happened. The plain form is for friends and family; polite ～ました is the default.
| plain | 降りたorita | |
|---|---|---|
| polite | 降りましたorimashita | |
| plain negative | 降りなかったorinakatta | |
| polite negative | 降りませんでしたorimasen deshita |
Te-form
て形
Joins actions and builds requests and permission: (tsugi no eki de orite kudasai), please get off at the next station.
| te-form | 降りてorite | |
|---|---|---|
| -te kudasai (please do) | 降りてくださいorite kudasai | |
| -te mo ii desu ka (may I) | 降りてもいいですかorite mo ii desu ka |
Volitional
意向形
Let's: the plain form between friends, ～ましょう in polite speech. ～ましょうか suggests (shall we?) or offers help (shall I?).
| plain (let's) | 降りようoriyō | |
|---|---|---|
| polite (let's) | 降りましょうorimashō | |
| polite (shall we?) | 降りましょうかorimashō ka |
Potential
可能形
Can get off: (koko de oriraremasu ka), can I get off here?
| plain | 降りられるorirareru | |
|---|---|---|
| polite | 降りられますoriraremasu | |
| plain negative | 降りられないorirarenai | |
| polite negative | 降りられませんoriraremasen |
Conditional
条件形
If: ～ば for general conditions, ～たら for “if” and “when, once”, ～なければ for “if not”.
| -ba | 降りればorireba | |
|---|---|---|
| -tara | 降りたらoritara | |
| -nakereba (if not) | 降りなければorinakereba |
Examples
- 次の駅で降ります。Tsugi no eki de orimasu.I'm getting off at the next station.
- 新宿で降りてください。Shinjuku de orite kudasai.Please get off at Shinjuku.
- 駅で降りたら、電話してください。Eki de oritara, denwa shite kudasai.Call me when you get off at the station.