Japanese verb · u-verb · first needed at elementary level (A2)
乗る
noru
to get on, to ride
The vehicle takes (ni): (basu ni noru), to get on a bus. To give someone a ride, Japanese uses the separate verb (noseru).
Present
現在形
Now, habits and the future. The plain form is for friends and family; polite ～ます is the default.
| plain | 乗るnoru | |
|---|---|---|
| polite | 乗りますnorimasu | |
| plain negative | 乗らないnoranai | |
| polite negative | 乗りませんnorimasen |
Past
過去形
What happened, or what has happened. The plain form is for friends and family; polite ～ました is the default.
| plain | 乗ったnotta | |
|---|---|---|
| polite | 乗りましたnorimashita | |
| plain negative | 乗らなかったnoranakatta | |
| polite negative | 乗りませんでしたnorimasen deshita |
Te-form
て形
Joins actions and builds requests. (notte imasu) means “is on board, is riding”.
| te-form | 乗ってnotte | |
|---|---|---|
| -te imasu (doing now) | 乗っていますnotte imasu | |
| -te kudasai (please do) | 乗ってくださいnotte kudasai | |
| -te mo ii desu ka (may I) | 乗ってもいいですかnotte mo ii desu ka |
Volitional
意向形
Let's: the plain form between friends, ～ましょう in polite speech. ～ましょうか suggests (shall we?) or offers help (shall I?).
| plain (let's) | 乗ろうnorō | |
|---|---|---|
| polite (let's) | 乗りましょうnorimashō | |
| polite (shall we?) | 乗りましょうかnorimashō ka |
Potential
可能形
Can ride, can get on: (jitensha ni noremasu ka), can you ride a bike?
| plain | 乗れるnoreru | |
|---|---|---|
| polite | 乗れますnoremasu | |
| plain negative | 乗れないnorenai | |
| polite negative | 乗れませんnoremasen |
Conditional
条件形
If: ～ば for general conditions, ～たら for “if” and “when, once”, ～なければ for “if not”.
| -ba | 乗ればnoreba | |
|---|---|---|
| -tara | 乗ったらnottara | |
| -nakereba (if not) | 乗らなければnoranakereba |
Examples
- 毎朝七時の電車に乗ります。Maiasa shichiji no densha ni norimasu.I take the seven o'clock train every morning.
- 自転車に乗れますか。Jitensha ni noremasu ka.Can you ride a bike?
- 三番のバスに乗ってください。Sanban no basu ni notte kudasai.Please take the number 3 bus.