Korean verb · regular · first needed at beginner level (A1)
사다
sada
to buy
사- + -아요 merge into (sayo). Some forms look like those of (salda, to live): (samnida), (sal geoyeyo), (saseyo); the context tells them apart. (sa juda) means “to buy for someone”.
Present
현재
Now, habits and the near future. Polite is the everyday default; formal is for speeches, announcements and service; casual is for close friends and family.
| polite | 사요sayo | |
|---|---|---|
| formal | 삽니다samnida | |
| casual | 사sa | |
| polite negative | 안 사요an sayo |
Past
과거
Something that happened or is finished; also “have done”.
| polite | 샀어요sasseoyo | |
|---|---|---|
| formal | 샀습니다satseumnida | |
| casual | 샀어sasseo | |
| polite negative | 안 샀어요an sasseoyo |
Future
미래
Plans and intentions with -(으)ㄹ 거예요; with other people or things as the subject, often a guess.
| polite | 살 거예요sal geoyeyo | |
|---|---|---|
| formal | 살 겁니다sal geomnida | |
| casual | 살 거야sal geoya | |
| polite negative | 안 살 거예요an sal geoyeyo |
Request
명령
Telling someone to buy something; market sellers call out (saseyo). -지 마세요 means “please don't”.
| polite | 사세요saseyo | |
|---|---|---|
| formal | 사십시오sasipsio | |
| casual | 사sa | |
| don't (polite) | 사지 마세요saji maseyo |
Suggestion
청유
Let's … The polite form is the same as the present. The formal -(으)ㅂ시다 is for a group or equals, not for a superior.
| polite | 사요sayo | |
|---|---|---|
| formal | 삽시다sapsida | |
| casual | 사자saja |
Examples
- 시장에서 과일을 샀어요.Sijangeseo gwaireul sasseoyo.I bought fruit at the market.
- 뭐 살 거예요?Mwo sal geoyeyo?What are you going to buy?
- 이거 사지 마세요. 너무 비싸요.Igeo saji maseyo. Neomu bissayo.Don't buy this. It's too expensive.