Korean verb · irregular · first needed at intermediate level (B1)
짓다
jitda
to build, to make (a name, rice)
An ㅅ verb: before a vowel the ㅅ drops: (jieoyo), (jieul geoyeyo), but (jitgo). It goes with houses, (jibeul jitda); names, (ireumeul jitda); and cooked rice, (babeul jitda).
Present
현재
Now, habits and the near future. Polite is the everyday default; formal is for speeches, announcements and service; casual is for close friends and family.
| polite | 지어요jieoyo | |
|---|---|---|
| formal | 짓습니다jitseumnida | |
| casual | 지어jieo | |
| polite negative | 안 지어요an jieoyo |
Past
과거
Something that happened or is finished; also “have done”.
| polite | 지었어요jieosseoyo | |
|---|---|---|
| formal | 지었습니다jieotseumnida | |
| casual | 지었어jieosseo | |
| polite negative | 안 지었어요an jieosseoyo |
Future
미래
Plans and intentions with -(으)ㄹ 거예요; with other people or things as the subject, often a guess.
| polite | 지을 거예요jieul geoyeyo | |
|---|---|---|
| formal | 지을 겁니다jieul geomnida | |
| casual | 지을 거야jieul geoya | |
| polite negative | 안 지을 거예요an jieul geoyeyo |
Progressive
진행
Building or making something now: (sae jibeul jitgo isseoyo), they're building a new house.
| polite | 짓고 있어요jitgo isseoyo | |
|---|---|---|
| formal | 짓고 있습니다jitgo itseumnida | |
| casual | 짓고 있어jitgo isseo |
Request
명령
Asking someone to do something. The formal form is for announcements and signs; -지 마세요 means “please don't”.
| polite | 지으세요jieuseyo | |
|---|---|---|
| formal | 지으십시오jieusipsio | |
| casual | 지어jieo | |
| don't (polite) | 짓지 마세요jitji maseyo |
Examples
- 아기 이름을 지었어요.Agi ireumeul jieosseoyo.We've named the baby.
- 학교 앞에 새 도서관을 짓고 있어요.Hakgyo ape sae doseogwaneul jitgo isseoyo.They're building a new library in front of the school.
- 이 집은 할아버지가 지었어요.I jibeun harabeojiga jieosseoyo.My grandfather built this house.