Korean verb · irregular · first needed at beginner level (A1)

공부하다

gongbuhada

to study

A noun + verb: (gongbu), study, + gives (gongbuhaeyo). The negative puts before : (gongbu an haeyo). Also said as (hangugeo gongbureul haeyo).

Speed:

Present

현재

Now, habits and the near future. Polite is the everyday default; formal is for speeches, announcements and service; casual is for close friends and family.

polite	공부해요gongbuhaeyo
formal	공부합니다gongbuhamnida
casual	공부해gongbuhae
polite negative	공부 안 해요gongbu an haeyo

Past

과거

Something that happened or is finished; also “have done”.

polite	공부했어요gongbuhaesseoyo
formal	공부했습니다gongbuhaetseumnida
casual	공부했어gongbuhaesseo
polite negative	공부 안 했어요gongbu an haesseoyo

Future

미래

Plans and intentions with -(으)ㄹ 거예요; with other people or things as the subject, often a guess.

polite	공부할 거예요gongbuhal geoyeyo
formal	공부할 겁니다gongbuhal geomnida
casual	공부할 거야gongbuhal geoya
polite negative	공부 안 할 거예요gongbu an hal geoyeyo

Progressive

진행

Studying right now, or what you study these days (-고 있다).

polite	공부하고 있어요gongbuhago isseoyo
formal	공부하고 있습니다gongbuhago itseumnida
casual	공부하고 있어gongbuhago isseo
polite negative	공부 안 하고 있어요gongbu an hago isseoyo

Request

명령

Asking someone to do something. The formal form is for announcements and signs; -지 마세요 means “please don't”.

polite	공부하세요gongbuhaseyo
formal	공부하십시오gongbuhasipsio
casual	공부해gongbuhae
don't (polite)	공부하지 마세요gongbuhaji maseyo

Suggestion

청유

Let's … The polite form is the same as the present. The formal -(으)ㅂ시다 is for a group or equals, not for a superior.

polite	공부해요gongbuhaeyo
formal	공부합시다gongbuhapsida
casual	공부하자gongbuhaja

Examples

한국어를 공부해요.Hangugeoreul gongbuhaeyo.I'm studying Korean.
어제는 공부 안 했어요.Eojeneun gongbu an haesseoyo.I didn't study yesterday.
같이 공부해요!Gachi gongbuhaeyo!Let's study together!